You need to verify if your US visa was cancelled. If so you’ll need to apply again. US and Canada share immigration information so they will be able to see that you claimed for asylum in Canada.
If you have usa visa then u don’t need turkey visa because if you have usa u can get electronic visa at airport it will take 30 seconds you may have to pay 40 dollars
Just to confirm, if someone has a refugee travel document with the USA visa inside the refugee travel document, then no need to apply for a turkish visa through the consulate beforehand??